home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
PC-SIG: World of Education
/
PC-SiG's World of Education.iso
/
wor
/
disk0935.zip
/
BIBLIO.DOC
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1988-01-28
|
10KB
|
253 lines
BIBLIO.EXE
Version 9/87
A Search and Retrieval Utility
for list management.
BIOLIT Inc., #47
131 NW 4th St.
Corvallis OR. 97339
You are invited to try BIBLIO and to give copies to
others. Anyone who keeps the program should send $20 to the
address above to avoid copyright infringement and license
their use of the program. If they send their address and
the name of the program registered, registrants will be
sent free replacement disks if any major 'bugs' are found
and removed from the program before January 1, 1989 and
will be offered low-cost updates if significantly enhanced
versions are developed. Suggestions for enhancements are
invited.
NOTE: Another Biolit program, LIST-MGR.EXE, is similar to
BIBLIO but is more general in its application, being
intended for use with lists in general. It allows retrieval
of records containing a given phrase, word, or word
fragment (referred to as a 'phrase') in a designated part
(field) of the record and retrievals of records containing
either or both of two field/phrase combinations. It also
provides the select-on-display, select-all-records, and
reformatting options of BIBLIO.
When you register BIBLIO, you may request a free copy of
LIST-MGR if you enclose a formatted diskette with
postage-paid mailer or enclose an additional $1.50 for
diskette and mailing costs.
SOME EXAMPLES OF WHAT YOU CAN DO WITH BIBLIO
Using an input list of bibliographic references (records),
you can generate a new text file containing:
References in which the Author and Title fields have been
interchanged.
References from which the Keys field, Notes field, and
field labels have been omitted.
All of the references by a specified author.
Those references by a specified author which also include a
specified key word in the Keys field.
Those references which contain both of two key words in the
Keys field.
Those references which contain both of two text words (in
the Title, Keys, or Notes fields).
FIELD LABELS
A general comment concerning the necessity of field labels
(designated characters which mark the beginning of defined
sections of each record) and of record separation is in order.
If a computer is to make selections based on the content
of different records and of different fields within those
records, it must be able to detect where each record and
each field begins and ends. There are two approaches to
providing the computer with this information:
1) require that each record and each of its component
fields be of a defined length, with the fields occurring
in a defined sequence within the record. For example,
each record can be defined as 6 lines long with the first
line holding the name, the second the street address, etc.
The disadvantage of this approach is the rigid format
required for each record, with that required format being
the same for every record. Furthurmore, the defined maximum
record size must be set aside in memory for each record,
whether or not the individual record is that long.
2) allow the different records to differ in length,
in the number of fields contained, and in the sequence
of fields within the record by using tags to tell the
computer where each record and field begins and ends.
The disadvantage of this approach is that field and
record markers must be inserted in the record list.
In developing LIST-MGR and BIBLIO, we decided that the
greater flexibility of record format allowed by the second
method outweighed the inconvenience of requiring field
labels.
WHAT BIBLIO DOES
BIBLIO acts upon a pre-existing text file containing a list
of bibliographic citations, each of which may include up to 5
labeled fields: Authors (field A), Title (T), Source (S),
Keywords (K), and Notes (N). It can accomplish either or
both of two functions, REFORMATTING and RETRIEVAL.
REFORMATTING: For multi-field records, the user may select
the fields to be included in the output-file records as
well as the sequence of fields within the records.
RETRIEVAL: Selected records are extracted from the input
list and sent to the selected output destination. Records
are selected according to one of the following criteria, as
chosen by the user:
a) occurrence of a desired search phrase in a specified
field (field A, T, K, N, or T+K+N);
b) occurrence of both of two field/phrase combinations;
c) direct decision when the first part of each record is
displayed;
d) selection of all records in the input file (useful for
Reformatting).
OUTPUT: Output of the selected records is to screen,
printer, a new disk file, or any combination of these
three destinations.
FORMAT FOR INPUT RECORD (REFERENCES) FILE:
1. The pre-existing input file must not exceed 60000
characters and should be in ASCII text format without
non-printing control codes (save the file from Word Perfect,
for example, as a DOS text file using Ctrl-F5 or from
Wordstar in non-document format), although in some cases
input files with non-ASCII characters will be handled
satisfactorily.
2. Each record must be followed by an empty line.
3. Any 'empty' line within a single record must contain
at least one character or space so it will not be
interpreted as an end-of-record signal.
4. The `{` sign must not occur except as specified below.
5. Any record may include any or all of 5 labeled fields,
in any order. Each field must begin at the left margin with
a three-character label: a '{', a letter (A,T,S,K, or N),
and a space. Permitted fields and labels are:
{A [Author field] -first line must begin with: `{A `
{T [Title field] -first line must begin with: `{T `
{S [Source field] -first line must begin with: `{S `
{K [Key words or phrases] -first line begins: `{K `
{N [Notes, abstract, etc.] -first line begins: `{N `
6. The number, length, or sequence of fields need not be
the same for different records.
TECHNIQUE
On-screen instructions should be adequate for your use of
BIBLIO. However, the following pointers may be of interest.
SEARCH PHRASES: Search phrases may be words, word
fragments, or phrases up to 18 characters in length.
HOW MANY FIELDS: There is no need for a given field to
contain only a single category of information. The entire
record can be in a single field, simplifying file
preparation, if (a) you will not need to change the record
format for the output file or (b) retrieval is desired no
matter where within the record your search phrase occurs.
On the other hand, if you will want to drop or move part of
the record before output, or if some occurrences of the
search phrase should be ignored, an additional fields will
be required.
PUNCTUATION: Punctuation, spacing, and upper/lower case of
search phrases must be the same as in the input file
for a retrieval to occur. Judicious selection of search
phrases will minimize false non-retrievals or false
retrievals. Examples: if you want retrieval whether or not
the first letter of a phrase is capitalized, omit that
first letter from your search phrase. If you do not want
retrieval if a word is part of a larger word, include the
preceding and/or following space. Use all-caps in the
record when possible (as in Keys and Notes fields) to
eliminate uncertainty about case for those sections of the
record.
RE-SELECTION: The number of search phrase/field
combinations for a given record is not limited to the two
that can be entered at each pass: if field labels are
retained in the output file, that output file can then be
renamed and used as the input file for selection
of a further sub-set of records. Using this cascade
technique, simultaneous occurrence of any number of search
field/phrase combinations may be assured before a record
is finally selected.
SAMPLE INPUT FILE
The short input file seen below is included on the
distribution diskette as BIBLIO.REF. Scan it now to
identify possible search strategies (e.g., retrieve
those records containing both CARTIL and PROTEIN SYN in
field K. Then type BIBLIO for a trial run of the program.
BIBLIO.REF
{A L.F. Adamson and S.H. Ingbar
{T Selective Alteration by Triiodothyronine of Amino Acid
Transport in Embryonic Bone
{S Endocrinology, 81 (1967) 1362-1371
{K AMINO ACID TRANSPORT THYROID HORMONE BONE
{A L.F. Adamson, S.G. Langeluttig, and C.S. Anast
{T Inhibition by Puromycin of Amino Acid Transport by
Embryonic Chick Bone
{S Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 115 (1966) 355-360
{K PROTEIN SYNTHESIS PUROMYCIN AMINO ACID TRANSPORT BONE
CARTILAGE
{N PUROMYCIN INHIBITS AMINO ACID TRANSPORT BY EMBRYONIC
CHICK BONE BUT ONLY AFTER A 1-2 HOUR DELAY. REVERSAL OF
THE INHIBITION AFTER REMOVAL OF THE PUROMYCIN IS ALSO
DELAYED. THE DELAYS ARE ATTRIBUTED TO THE TIME REQUIRED
FOR EXHAUSTION OR SYNTHESIS OF TRANSPORT PROTEINS.
{A L.F. Adamson, A.C. Herrington, and J. Bornstein
{T Evidence for the Selection by the Membrane Transport
System of Intracellular or Extracellular Amino Acids for
Protein Synthesis
{S Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 282 (1972) 352-365
{K PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AMINO ACID TRANSPORT PUROMYCIN BONE
CARTILAGE
{N ..A COMPLEX FORMED BETWEEN THE AMINO ACID AND THE
MEMBRANE TRANSPORT SYSTEM IS THE SOURCE OF SUBSTRATE
FOR PROTEIN SYNTHESIS OR FOR INTRACELLULAR RELEASE. IN
ORDER FOR INTRACELLULAR AMINO ACIDS TO BE INCORPORATED
INTO PROTEIN, THEY MUST FIRST BECOME REASSOCIATED WITH
THE MEMBRANE, IN COMPETITION WITH EXTRACELLULAR AMINO
ACIDS AND AT A SITE EXPOSED TO EXTRACELLULAR MODIFIERS
OF AMINO ACID UPTAKE.
ION WITH EXTRACELLULAR AMINO
ACIDS AND AT A SITE EXPOSED TO EXTRACELLULAR MODIFIERS
OF AMINO ACID UPTAKE.